Nursing Interventions for Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization

Abstract

Nursing interventions for patients undergoing cardiac catheterization are critical in ensuring patient safety and comfort during the procedure. Initially, nurses conduct a thorough assessment, including obtaining a comprehensive health history and vital signs. It is essential to evaluate the patient's allergies, especially to contrast media, and to assess renal function, as contrast nephropathy is a potential complication. Pre-procedure education is vital; nurses should explain the procedure, address any concerns, and inform the patient about the possible sensations they may experience, such as warmth from the contrast dye. Ensuring informed consent is obtained and confirming that the patient has fasted as necessary before the procedure are also key nursing responsibilities. Post-procedure care focuses on monitoring for complications such as bleeding at the catheter insertion site and the patient's overall cardiovascular status. Nurses must frequently assess vital signs, particularly blood pressure and heart rate, and observe the affected limb for circulation, sensation, and movement. Providing emotional support and reassurance to alleviate anxiety is also important, as patients may feel apprehensive following the catheterization. Educating patients about post-procedure activities, including restrictions on physical activity and signs of potential complications to watch for, empowers them in their recovery. Documentation of the procedure and any patient education provided is also a vital aspect of nursing care.