Advancing Space Sustainability: On-Orbit Repair and Recycling Through Additive Manufacturing and Automated Systems
Abstract
Managing space debris and defunct satellites in Earth’s orbit poses a critical challenge necessitating innovative solutions for sustainable space operations. This study investigates an advanced approach integrating additive manufacturing, specifically 3D printing using recycled materials sourced from space debris and materials from pioneering resupply logistics, with autonomous swarm robotics for on-orbit interventions. Leveraging advanced materials such as graphene for superior mechanical properties, additive manufacturing enables rapid production of bespoke components onboard nano-satellite swarms.
Targets are identified through advanced sensor networks or ground-based tracking systems, activating distributed swarms of nano-satellites equipped with bio-inspired robotics for precise repair operations. Autonomous machine learning algorithms analyze real-time data to optimize repair strategies and adapt to dynamic space environments, enhancing operational efficiency and resilience against single-point failures.
In scenarios where satellites are irreparable, innovative in-situ resource utilization (ISRU) technologies facilitate the extraction of materials from space debris for on-orbit 3D printing. This sustainable approach reduces dependence on Earth-based resources and minimizes space debris accumulation. Furthermore, blockchain technology secures the spacecraft supply chain, ensuring the traceability and authenticity of components throughout the phases of construction and maintenance.
By integrating these advanced technologies, this research advances the frontier of on-orbit repair and recycling, setting new standards for sustainable space exploration. It promotes efficiency, environmental stewardship, and operational autonomy in Earth’s orbit, thereby laying the groundwork for future missions to operate autonomously and sustainably in space.
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