An Overview of Radiopharmaceuticals: Radioactive Materials in Modern Nuclear Medicine

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive overview of radiopharmaceuticals, emphasizing their pivotal role in the advancement of modern nuclear medicine. Utilizing secondary data sourced from peer-reviewed journals, regulatory documents, and authoritative textbooks, the research systematically explores the classification, mechanisms of action, diagnostic and therapeutic applications, and safety considerations of radiopharmaceuticals. The analysis reveals the expanding repertoire of radioactive compounds, including both traditional and novel agents, that have significantly enhanced the precision of disease diagnosis and targeted therapy, particularly in oncology, cardiology, and neurology. Furthermore, the study examines the regulatory landscape and emerging trends, such as theranostics and personalized medicine, that underscore the dynamic nature of the field. The findings highlight ongoing challenges related to radiopharmaceutical production, supply chain, and patient safety, while also pointing to future directions for research and clinical practice. Overall, this study underscores the indispensable contribution of radiopharmaceuticals to nuclear medicine, driven by continuous scientific innovation and robust regulatory oversight.