Macrophytes in Natural and Artificial Wetlands: A Review of Their Adaptability and Resilience

Abstract

Introduction: Macrophytes are aquatic plants that have been the subject of further study in various fields. They currently play a fundamental role in the absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. In response, research into this ecosystem service has been promoted.

Methods: This article presents a review of recent research on these species, using a bibliometric analysis of 113 Scopus documents; delving deeper into the scientific discourse surrounding these organisms and their relationship with greenhouse gases GHG. Using tools such as VOSviewer, a detailed view of the characteristics and evolution of the research field is offered. Several research directions are identified, including the application of artificial wetlands as sinks, wastewater treatment in climatological terms, carbon absorption in natural wetlands and the factors that influence it.

Resultados y Conclusions: In conclusion, the analysis shows a trend in recent years towards the search for efficient alternatives for carbon fixation and to counteract the devastating effects of climate change. The countries with the greatest research contribution were China and the United States, which are currently major emitters of GHG. From this, the recommendation is derived to carry out large-scale studies, as well as the inclusion of other databases so that the bibliometric analysis on this subject has greater coverage. These results offer valuable information for researchers who address this subject, significantly enriching the understanding of this crucial and urgent field.