Emergency Department Stroke Protocol: Role of Nursing, Radiology, Emergency Medical Services, and Social Work

Abstract

The Emergency Department (ED) stroke protocol emphasizes a coordinated approach involving nursing, radiology, Emergency Medical Services (EMS), and social work to ensure timely and effective care for patients experiencing a stroke. Nurses play a crucial role in the initial assessment, recognizing symptoms through the use of standardized stroke scales like the NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) to triage patients rapidly. Their ability to act swiftly in initiating the stroke protocol—including activating the stroke team, monitoring vital signs, and managing intravenous access—significantly impacts patient outcomes. In parallel, radiology serves a vital function by performing timely neuroimaging studies such as CT or MRI scans to assess the type of stroke and determine suitable intervention strategies. EMS providers are integral in the pre-hospital phase, using their training to identify stroke symptoms early in the field and execute protocol-driven transport to the appropriate stroke center. Their communication with the ED staff ensures that crucial information is relayed quickly, which minimizes door-to-treatment times upon arrival. Additionally, social work plays a vital role in addressing the post-acute care needs of stroke patients, helping them navigate home health care services, rehabilitation options, and emotional support resources. All these components demonstrate a comprehensive approach to stroke management, highlighting the intersection of various healthcare professions to optimize patient care and recovery outcomes in emergencies.