A Comparative Study of Nasal Masks and Nasal Prongs with Regard to the Incidence of Nasal Septal Necrosis in Neonates Who are Experiencing Respiratory Distress for the Purpose of Administering Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure

Abstract

Within the framework of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), the therapy of the affected individual condition necessitates the utilization of Mechanical ventilation and oxygen treatment are both options. Both the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and the prevention of airway damage can be achieved with the utilization of continuous positive airway pressure, often known as CPAP, which is as follows: respiratory support method that is straightforward, economical, and of non-invasive nature. The objectives of In neonates diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome and receiving nasal continuous positive airway pressure, the purpose of the study was to describe the comparison of nasal septum necrosis and to determine the degree of damage to the nasal septum. (nCPAP) with nasal prongs or nasal masks. The Components and Procedures: An experiment that was prospective and randomised was conducted on two hundred newborns who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). In order to provide these newborns with an interface for non-compliant continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP), they were randomly randomized to receive either a nasal mask or a nasal prong during their treatment. A blood culture, a complete blood count, a measurement of C-reactive protein, and a chest X-ray were all diagnostic procedures that were carried out. Each newborn was monitored over a period of seventy-two hours to determine whether or not nasal septal necrosis had developed in each interface. With the assistance of the Chi-square test, each and every variable was evaluated. Results showed that out of the total of 200 neonates who were enrolled in the trial, nine percent of the prong group acquired nasal septum necrosis. On the other hand, the mask group did not have any instances of septum necrosis noticed. It was determined that nasal masks were superior than nasal prongs in terms of effectiveness, since the only group of infants who experienced nasal septum injuries was the group that used the nasal prongs.